In its newly released 2021 Review of Notorious Markets for Counterfeiting and Piracy, or Notorious Markets List for short, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) highlights the prevalence of China-based markets in trademark counterfeiting and copyright piracy. The review emphasizes that the growth of online commerce has greatly extended the reach of counterfeit manufacturers and sellers and has limited the effectiveness of raids in curtailing the illegal trade. The review cites as serious violators such Chinese-based platforms as WeChat and AliExpress, which it describes as having facilitated trademark counterfeiting, as well as Pinduoduo, DHGate, Baidu Wangpan, and Taobao, which the report charges with having manufactured and sold counterfeit goods. WeChat and AliExpress are run by Chinese internet giants Tencent and Alibaba respectively. Although the USTR first identified notorious markets in its Special 301 Report in 2006 and has published its Notorious Markets list annually since February 2011, …