“Electrification” has become a watchword for the Biden administration, particularly as part of the push for net-zero emissions in the U.S. economy by 2050. In November 2021 remarks to GM CEO Mary Barra, for example, President Joe Biden credited General Motors with having “electrified the automobile industry”—a claim immediately questioned by Tesla Motors’ Elon Musk. The United States’ 2050 net-zero commitment, shared in one form or another by countries, companies, and non-governmental organizations across the planet, first gained traction through the 2015 Paris Agreement Paris signatories are supposed to “undertake rapid reductions [of greenhouse gas emissions] … so as to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century, on the basis of equity, and in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty.” President Donald Trump formally left the Paris Agreement on Nov. 4, 2020, the …