Commentary The sheer madness of judging and treating people according to their race was brought home to me in South Africa during the height of apartheid. I worked there briefly as a doctor. Early one morning the police found a white woman wandering naked in the streets of the small town in which I was working and brought her to my office. She was obviously mad. I listed with incredulity to the two policemen’s serious discussion of whether she should enter the building by the white entrance because she was white, or the black entrance because she was mad. In favor of the former was the fact that she was white; in favor of the latter was the fear that she might frighten some of the waiting white patients, a few of whom were pregnant. I had two stethoscopes, one for whites and one for blacks, the latter with a …