BERLIN—Daimler AG will be formally renamed Mercedes-Benz Group AG on Tuesday—nearly a year after the spin-off of its truck and bus division was announced—in a move its boss hopes will unlock shareholder value for the premium carmaker. The change is the latest in a string of structural reshuffles for the carmaker that began its life as Daimler-Benz AG in 1926. The Mercedes brand, named after the daughter of an automobile entrepreneur, was officially adopted by Daimler AG in 1902. “We have a real chance to raise the multiple,” CEO Ola Kaellenius told reporters on Friday, without naming a specific target valuation for the firm now worth just under 77 billion euros ($86 billion). Shares of Daimler Truck AG, spun off from the newly anointed Mercedes-Benz last December, have risen slightly since their market debut to trade at 32.23 euros ($35.92) on Friday. Mercedes-Benz shares, at their highest levels since 2015 …