Commentary Cybercrime often merges with cyberwarfare. The techniques of both are similar, even if their intentions are not. Yet, unlike their “real-world” counterparts, we cannot afford to treat the former as merely a law enforcement problem and the latter as a military problem. Today’s gnat is tomorrow’s nuclear-tipped missile. In a recent article, former U.S. National Security Adviser John Bolton highlighted the cyberwarfare being waged on the West every day by Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea. The assault is an accelerating proxy war, a coordinated terrorism campaign conducted by both hired criminals and military intelligence agencies, capable of great economic and societal damage. At the same time, even at lower intensity, it is a subtler attack on Western morale. Directly, these attacks strike at parts of our electrical grid, our food supply, our energy providers, banks, business computer networks, and government systems. Indirectly, they threaten our livelihoods and our sense of …