When American molecular biologist Ardem Patapoutian was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, which he shared with American physiologist David Julius, his key discoveries brought new insight into decoding the biology of senses and stimuli.
Patapoutian’s research focused on identifying molecular receptors in the skin and other organs as well as how the cells respond to mechanical forces, such as stretching and pressure.
This led to his discovery of two mechanically-activated ion channels or sensors of physical force known as Piezo1 and Piezo2. The Piezo2 channel is a main detector and mediator in the sensory nervous system.
A lack of the Piezo2 channel or selectively blocking this channel may result in the inability to sense touch and provide an effective means to regulate pain sensitivity….