LONDON—Global stocks hit a record high again on Tuesday and oil rose, as markets shrugged off concerns about rising inflation and looked ahead to U.S. data later in the week that should offer a major clue to the health of the world’s biggest economy. Risk markets have eked out gains in recent weeks as traders balance optimism that some key markets are reopening after pandemic lockdowns with concern that rising inflation could prompt central banks to rein in stimulus programs. The recovery from COVID-19 also remains patchy in many parts of the world, with exports reviving but broader economic activity still dampened by measures to contain fresh outbreaks. Against that backdrop, May euro zone inflation came in higher than expected at 2 percent, driven by rising energy costs, above the European Central Bank’s target of below but close to 2 percent—and with even higher levels expected later in the year. …